AI is destroying not just the chip market but rare books too

Do you like reading a good old paperback? Me too, I like the tactile feeling of turning the pages. Soon, though, thanks to AI, rare and old books might disappear.

Scanner destroying old book
Artist representation of a scanner destroying an old book. | Image by Digital Watch Observatory
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Do you like reading a good old paperback? Me too, I like the tactile feeling of turning the pages. Soon, though, thanks to AI, rare and old books might disappear. Because, according to bookstore owners, AI companies are buying books in bulk and then destroy them.

AI has been feeding on rare and old books



Now, before you start imagining dystopian scenarios taken from Fahrenheit 451, it's not like AI companies are piling books and setting them on fire. But the truth is not far off.

In the never-ending quest to train large language models, companies are feeding information from physical books to these AI agents. The problem is that for efficiency, what these companies are doing is ripping off the covers, slicing off bindings, and feeding the loose pages into scanners. It's just the most efficient and cheap way to do it.

However, the books don't survive the process, and this is now triggering a huge backlash from librarians, independent book sellers, and people who love books in general.

What do you think about companies destroying books to train AI?
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AI companies are buying books in bulk



Anthropic, the company behind OpenAI and the infamous ChatGPT, also carried out such operations under the code name "Project Panama."

This is already making book sellers suspicious, as the orders are flowing but the books are disappearing. Kennys Bookshop in Ireland, for example, flagged a suspicious order for 5,000 obscure titles bought at full price. This has become one of the big red flags when it comes to AI-driven book purchases in bulk.

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Tomas Kenny, the owner of the aforementioned book store, started to refuse such orders, in fear that old and rare out-of-print works are getting destroyed, possibly forever. It's a violation of both the authors' intellectual property and the ethical code — destroying books is just wrong.

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The destruction is not necessary, it's simply cheaper



The most infuriating fact in all this is that these books don't have to be destroyed to be digitalized. Institutions such as the Internet Archive have been digitizing books without damaging a single page for decades.

The difference is that the process involves real people and takes time and money. Commercial automated scanners are much cheaper, but they use vacuum hands to tear the pages and feed them inside their bellies, just like mechanical monsters from a pre-industrialization children's book.

The future of books



I might be getting a bit dramatic here, but I grew up basically living in libraries. The thought that these tech nerds are destroying books to train AIs is infuriating to me.

Of course, in light of the massive public backlash, many companies are attempting to preserve their public image. OpenAI and Microsoft, for example, have teamed up with Harvard in an attempt to digitize public-domain books non-destructively.

Elon Musk said that he specifically instructed xAI teams to preserve rare books and scan them manually. Critics remain skeptical and think the corporate definition of a "rare" book could be vague, and there are no mechanisms to scrutinize these scanning operations.

What do you think about AI companies destroying books?
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